Installation Instructions T&G for Solid Wood Flooring

Important notice

All wood is hydroscopic (it will react to the moisture in the environment) and as a result will expand or contract accordingly. All sources of moisture must be rectified prior to the installation of the floor, and moisture levels in rooms fitted with wood flooring should be maintained at a stable level, in line with normal living conditions. Any construction dampness must be completely dry.

It is important that you check each plank for any manufacturing defects. Any faults must be reported back to the store of purchase for an immediate refund or replacement prior to the flooring being installed. The boards in this pack are of random lengths and should be laid randomly across the floor to create the best effect. It is advisable to open a few cartons at a time to mix boards from each pack as they are installed.

I. Preparations

- Calculate the total square meters or square footage of the room(s) and add 10% for cutting and waste.
- The flooring should be placed in the room where it is to be installed to acclimatize for 48 hours. It should be carefully stacked, in its packaging, to allow air to circulate. The boards should be stored and laid in a relative humidity between 45%-65% and at a room temperature of between 18°C and 21°C (65 degrees to 70 degrees Fahrenheit). Solid wood flooring is a natural product which will mature with age. The shade of your floor will change through exposure to sunlight.
- All substrates must be structurally sound, at and dry. The surface should be free of all contaminants and loose material. All potential sources of moisture e.g. walls, drains, damp proof courses, plumbing, fridges, washing machines etc. MUST be thoroughly checked and rectified if found to be an issue.
- The boards should be installed lengthways towards the main incoming light source and, where possible, down the length of the room.

If installing onto a concrete or screed base

- In good drying conditions allow one day per 1mm of new screed/concrete to ensure it is dry. Further time may be necessary depending on site conditions.
- Existing screeds/concrete must be checked for moisture. This can easily be carried out using a moisture meter, or alternatively sheets of polythene approximately the size of 1 meter x 1meter square can be taped on to the screed and a heavy weight placed on top for 24 hours. Presence of moisture in the screed will be confirmed if the screed is discolored, or if moisture is apparent on the underside of the polythene. If moisture is present, i.e. over 12%, wood floors must not be fitted until the problem has been rectified. Please seek a professional installer’s advice for options to resolve.

If installing onto a wood subfloor

Solid wood flooring can be fixed directly onto prepared floorboards. If the existing floorboards are sufficiently at, the new boards can be laid directly on to them at 90°. If the existing floor is not suitably at then it must made at and level by overlaying with Exterior Grade plywood. Loose boards must be secured or the new floor may squeak. Please note: If nails/staples/screws are being used, care must be taken not to damage pipes or electrical cables beneath. If the new boards are to be laid in the same direction as the old, plywood sheets (minimum depth 6mm) should be nailed, stapled or screwed to cover the existing floor, allowing a 15mm(5/8”) perimeter gap for expansion.

Subfloors with radiant heat

It is not recommended to install this product over subfloors with radiant heat and this will not be covered by the manufacturer’s warranty.

II. Installation Methods

There are a number of methods for fixing wood floors, nailing, gluing or stapling. Apart from where specified in the following sections most existing floor finishes e.g. lino, carpet etc., and should be removed prior to installation of a new wood floor.

We recommend that solid boards are ‘secret nailed’, but in certain circumstances some solid boards can be directly glued to a screed substrate or floorboards can be removed to allow for nailing directly to the joists. In general, we do not recommend gluing wood boards with a width of over 152mm (6 inch) to the floor.

IMPORTANT: For America / Asia / Middle East / Africa / Russia, the glue-down installation is not recommended and will not be covered by manufacturer’s warranty.

1. Nail-Down Installation

Tools Required (not supplied): Safety gear- mask, goggles, square, hammer or nailing gun, tape measure, spacer wedges, pencil, saw, utility knife

Solid wood flooring can be nailed over existing wood floorboards provided they are dry, firm and level. When installing over concrete subfloors lay a DPM followed by 18-24 (12/16”-1”) Exterior Grade plywood first then nail the flooring into the plywood. 18mm (3/4”) solid wood should not be fixed over batters or directly over joists.

1. Lay a suitable polythene vapor barrier onto the substrate, overlap any seams by at least 200mm (7 7/8”) and securely tape to provide a suitable seal. Lay 18-24 mm(12/16”-1”) Exterior Grade plywood across the floor in the opposite direction to the length of the new boards, to provide a material into which the nails can fix. The plywood sheets should be butted together allowing a 15mm(5/8”) perimeter gap for expansion. Ensure that all underoor pipe work is lagged before the oor is laid. This will prevent localized shrinkage in the floor from hot adjacent pipes.

2. Mark out a straight line parallel to the chosen wall, allowing a 15mm (5/8”) gap for expansion. It may be necessary to scribe the first row of boards to achieve correct alignment.

3. Square the first row of boards to the pre marked line with the tongue facing into the room. Top nail* (top nail at 250-300 mm (9 7/8” - 11 13/16”) intervals or onto every joist, and where possible within 75mm (3”) of the end of each board and countersink through the boards as near to the wall as possible)
*Top nailing is nailing the board to the subfloor through the top of the board

4. Using the same spacing, of 250-300mm(9 7/8” - 11 13/16”), secret nail at a 45° ensuring a countersink through the tongue. For ease a mechanical floor nailer can be used for this job.

5. Fit the next run of boards groove to tongue and secret nail.

6. Continue to fit the board from left to right. Always stagger the end joins by a minimum of 150mm (6”) and a maximum of 300mm (11 13/16”). Measure and trim the last board to fit, allowing for the 15mm (5/8”) expansion gap. Where possible, use off-cuts to start the next row.

7. For the last row of boards you can use the sandwich technique to measure the width of board required, ensuring that the row is not less than 10cm(4”) in width. Place the board for last row on top of the previous row. Using a full width offcut board and spacer wedges placed up against the wall, scribe the last row to mark the correct cutting line.

8. Top nail and countersink the last run of boards to finish.

9. All pipes, pillars, frames etc must be cut around to provide suitable expansion gaps.

2. Staple-Down Installation

Tools Required (not supplied): Instead of the hammer or the nailing gun, use an air pressure stapler of 74.5PSI and staples of 1cm (6/16”) wide, legs of 2cm (3/4” to 1”) long

Follow the same instructions as the nail-down installation.
Set pressure at 70-75 PSI to begin and adjust until proper fastener setting occurs.
Put one staple every 30cm (1ft) on the long side.

3. Glue-Down Installation*

Tools Required (not supplied): Spacer wedges, Hammer, PVA wood glue, Tapping Block, Fitting straps, Square, Underlay, Tape measure, Saw, Pencil, Safety gear-mask, goggles, Utility knife, Knee pads

A suitable method for fixing on top of concrete or screed subfloors. Also suitable for installation over existing suitably firm, at and secure wood floors.
Note: it is not recommended that boards with a width of over 150mm (6”) are fitting by gluing only.

Screed floors must be at and level with no surface lumps and/or depressions in their surface. Uneven floors must be leveled to ensure even, uniform application of a liquid applied DPM. The floor can be leveled up to a maximum depth of 5mm (0.08”) with a good quality-leveling compound.

This must be allowed to dry out completely before applying the suitable damp proofing liquid. With this system use an approved adhesive for gluing solid wood to the various sub floors. The glue is applied directly to the screed subfloor /
existing wood floor to fix the boards.

1. Mark out a straight line parallel to the chosen wall, allowing a 15mm (5/8”) gap for expansion. It may be necessary to scribe the first row of boards to achieve correct alignment.

2. Once the first row of boards is correctly aligned and glued in place, weight them down while the glue sets. Any surplus glue that may seep out onto the surface or the wood must be removed immediately with a damp cloth. The glue should not be applied in the groove or the tongue of the flooring.

3. Continue to fit the boards from left to the right. Always stagger the end joins by a minimum of 150mm (6”) and a maximum of 300mm (11 3/4”). Measure and trim the last board to fit, allowing for the 15mm (5/8”) expansion (5/8”) gap. Where possible, use cut-offs to start the next row.

4. Flooring straps can be used to pull boards together and hold them in place whilst the glue dries.

5. The expansion gap of 15mm (5/8”) must be maintained during installation.

6. For the last row of boards, you can use the sandwich technique to measure the width of board required, ensuring
that the row is not less than 10cm in width.

7. All pipes, pillars, frames etc must be cut around to provide suitable expansion gaps.

It is not recommended that boards over 152mm (6”) are fitted by gluing down only.

IMPORTANT: For America/Asia/Middle East/Africa/Russia, the gluing down installation is not recommended
and will not be covered by the warranty of the producer.

III. Finishing Off

Once the flooring is installed, whichever method you have used, the expansion gap can be covered by refitting the skirting boards. Alternatively, if the skirting has been kept in place attaching some molding trims to the skirting using glue or panel pins will also achieve the desired results. At doorways a door threshold strip should be used to protect the edges of the floor and provide a decorative transition from one floor type to another.